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"Book Review: Germany and the Second World War, Volume VII: The ..." posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2008-11-23 12:12:02

now well into its fourth decade. Many readers may by now be familiar with the format of the volumes with several noted scholars contributing sections to make up the whole. In this regard this volume employs a stellar cast engaged in a monumental project now nearing completion. Of the major belligerents of the Second World War only Germany continues to produce an extensive and ongoing historical investigation of its actions and this volume continues an impressive and honest though high-level appraisal of the horrific nature of the conflict. The seventh volume traces Germany’s loss of the air war against the Western Allies. Allied troop landings in France and their advance to the German border and the second half of the war in Asia culminating in the surrender of Japan. The first section of the volume following a typically erudite introduction from Hans Umbreit is entitled “The Strategic Air War in Europe and Air Defence of the Reich. 1943-1944.” Here the author. Horst Boog brings his venerable experience in aviation scholarship to bear producing a rich and powerful analytical narrative that brings together English and German literature in a masterful synthesis. Both comfortably familiar and full of new insights. Boog’s work instantly becomes essential reading for those interested in the world’s largest and most brutal war in the air. Beginning with the strategic directions set at Casablanca on January 21. 1943. American and British civilian and military leaders agreed to join forces in an expanded strategic air offensive against Germany. The “Casablanca Directive” set directions for Allied offensive operations in Western Europe until the amphibious operations of OVERLORD and DRAGOON in summer 1944. Boog emphasizes that although both air forces carried out operations differently with American forces favoring daylight “precision” raids and British forces operating at night in “area bombing” operations close coordination at the operational command level meant that the two air arms at first haltingly then increasingly effectively launched combined attacks against hundreds of targets across Europe during this period. Technology’s role as a crucial component of the air war receives due attention from Boog who notes that Allied awareness of the importance of technological support for the strategic air war was an important factor in explaining their superiority in the skies of Europe by early 1944. Boog also points out that support for the air war came from many sources and operations including some such as the Dieppe raid of 1942 traditionally considered failures. Contingent deployment of technology was also a crucial factor as was the case in the use of WINDOW aluminum foil strips used to jam German defensive radar. “The story of WINDOW…illustrates the extent to which the moment for using a new technical weapon is a matter not just of its availability but also of expediency and strategy” (p.19-20). The air war also generated important successes in Italy with raids by Allied air forces against northern Italian industrial targets a significant factor in encouraging workers uprisings against fascist forces in March 1943. Importantly. Boog also reminds readers of the limits of the strategic air war and the often mistaken Allied estimates of German industrial strength. He points to British operations against targets in the Ruhr Valley region between Spring 1943 and Spring 1944 an area believed by Bomber Command to be the heart of German industrial production but as Boog indicates actually responsible for producing relatively little of Germany’s war materiel: “If one disregards the synthetic fuel plants on the outskirts of a few of its towns only little was produced in the Ruhr that was of immediate use or essential for the German war effort. Its contribution to arms production amounted to no more than 25 percent or thereabouts; in tank manufacture it was only 10 per cent; and there was only one aircraft factory. Furthermore the machine tools equipping the Ruhr factories were fairly immune to destruction” (p. 27). Boog also spends several pages dissecting at length the moral and ethical implications of the bombing offensive noting that while the British government “deliberately misled” the public and even the aircrews about the true character of the air war the chief of Bomber Command. Arthur Harris. “was more honest (and)…refused to take the hypocritical attitude of claiming that the bombing of cities was not necessarily a direct attack on civilians” (p. 33). He also contends that the argument that area bombing was the only option due to technological and meteorological constraints is somewhat inaccurate as the Allies possessed an extremely accurate light bomber the Mosquito which proved its ability to hit and destroy precision targets by mid-1943 in daylight raids. Conservative thinking was also evident in Harris’s continued belief that the war could not only be won from the air but that after the war air power could be the chief component of keeping Germany “in check…with minimal support from a small expeditionary force,” a perspective that Boog identifies as “reminiscent of the ‘air’ or ‘imperial’ policing of colonial peoples in the inter-war years” (p.45-46). This sentiment is no surprise given Harris’s background in the colonies during this earlier period notably in Iraq.[1] To this end. Harris resisted diverting his forces away from German targets to those in France in support of the invasion plans until pressure from above forced him to do so. Over time the combined efforts of the Allies despite horrendous losses of men and planes began to exert significant effects on Germany’s ability to wage war particularly in the air. Introduction of escort fighters equipped with auxiliary fuel tanks made a decisive impact and greatly improved bomber crews’ morale. On the German side disagreements over defensive strategies and losses of experienced personnel meant that by the time of the OVERLORD invasion the Luftwaffe lacked the ability to oppose seriously the Allied air forces which now outnumbered them by ten to one and enjoyed almost total air superiority. The Reich and the territories it still occupied were now in Joseph Goebbels’ phrase a “fortress without a roof.” For its part the German Air Force did make efforts to prepare for a strategic bombing campaign in the East that were never realized because their front line receded. Similarly in the West resumption of the bombing campaign against Britain based largely on reactions to British “terror bombing,” was half-hearted and under-supported reflecting the rigidity in thinking and structure of much of the Luftwaffe leadership throughout the war as well as the absence of a reliable four-engine aircraft. Boog argues that the role of Hitler here as in other questions of strategy proved decisive: “Hitler was already dreaming of the 15 million Volkswagens that would be on the road in a short time after the war…. Next. Hitler’s fantasies turned to reprisal and attack weapons for bombing the British homeland and London in particular. Besides if the German people faced with the bombing war were to prove too weak then it deserved to perish. Such ideas still cause outrage today. But they also reveal the unreal irresponsible phantom world Germany’s Fuehrer was living in while his nation suffered an anguish from which he escaped into hopes of new cities new weapons rockets torpedoes new U-boat designs and jet aircraft” (pp. 373-374). Boog’s brilliant analysis of Hitler and those around him at this stage of the war particularly his designated successor Hermann Göring deserves wide circulation. The second section entitled “German and Allied Conduct of the War in the West,” by Detlef Vogel details Allied and German preparations for a cross-Channel invasion. After the Allies asserted control of much of the Atlantic by late 1943 both sides knew the assault was a question of when rather than if. Accordingly. Allied plans centered on deception and massive buildups of resources in order to succeed while the Germans constructed coastline defenses designed to repel amphibious landings. Vogel succeeds in condensing enormous amounts of primary and secondary material into an engaging series of arguments. A summary section entitled “Excursus” provides comparisons of Allied and German intentions strategies and outcomes during the invasion. Detailed maps accompany the sections on OVERLORD the Allied breakout. Operation DRAGOON and the struggle for the Ardennes. Like Boog. Vogel shows a flair for blending the known with the new and original. Vogel argues German commanders in the West lacked sufficient men heavy weapons supplies and clear strategic priorities but because of Allied disunity and logistical overstretch managed to halt the Allied advance along the German border by the end of 1944. By this point however it was clear that Hitler had run out of options and ideas and the end of the war was in sight. Vogel also reminds readers of the deterioration of relations between German forces and civilians in the West after the cross-Channel invasions. As their fortunes in the West deteriorated the conduct of German occupation forces became increasingly brutal and repressive in many places approaching the more terrible standards of the Eastern Front. Predictably. European civilians responded through increased acts of resistance and sabotage particularly in France. The third and final section entitled. “The War in the Pacific 1943-1945,” written by Gerhard Krebs analyzes the culmination of the war in Asia. Krebs provides English speakers with a detailed and welcome investigation of Japanese sources which are skillfully integrated with English works to generate an engaging and penetrating narrative. Emperor Hirohito’s role in the conflict illuminated in recent years by Herbert Bix’s (2001) receives due attention from Krebs as does the complex web of elite factions operating within imperial Japanese political diplomatic and military circles. Krebs argues that fear of the Soviet Union loomed large in Japanese thinking after 1942 as the war turned against them at Midway and Guadalcanal. Krebs points to several failures in Japanese strategy as responsible for hastening Japan’s ultimate defeat. First attempts to reduce the size and scope of defensive responsibilities failed due to disagreements within the services over which regions should be given priority. Second failure to compel Allied forces to commit to a decisive battle particularly in the Philippines in 1944 combined with inadequate supplies of shipping and aircraft to render the Japanese powerless to prevent the multi-pronged Allied advance. Like Hitler elements of the Japanese elites remained convinced until the war’s end that their opponents’ alliance was an anomalous fragile contingency that could be fractured although in direct contrast to the Germans some of Japan’s leadership believed the U. S. S. R could be convinced to abandon its Anglo-American partners and join with Japan in a new conflict. Ultimately these fantasies collapsed in the wake of the Soviet invasion of Manchuria and the atomic detonations. As Krebs notes in a thoughtful concluding section focused on postwar developments it would be pro-American forces that would triumph in the postwar era; men like Shigeru Yoshida the “Japanese Adenauer,” would cement Japan’s new role in Asia as one foundation of the United States-led anti-communist system (p. 836). These alignments still exert enormous influence on geopolitics in contemporary Asia today.

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Related article:
http://warandgame.wordpress.com/2007/11/05/book-review-germany-and-the-second-world-war-volume-vii-the-strategic-air-war-in-europe-and-the-war-in-the-west-and-east-asia-1943-19445/

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"Book Review: Germany and the Second World War, Volume VII: The ..." posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2008-11-23 12:12:02

now well into its fourth decade. Many readers may by now be familiar with the format of the volumes with several noted scholars contributing sections to make up the whole. In this regard this volume employs a stellar cast engaged in a monumental project now nearing completion. Of the major belligerents of the Second World War only Germany continues to produce an extensive and ongoing historical investigation of its actions and this volume continues an impressive and honest though high-level appraisal of the horrific nature of the conflict. The seventh volume traces Germany’s loss of the air war against the Western Allies. Allied troop landings in France and their advance to the German border and the second half of the war in Asia culminating in the surrender of Japan. The first section of the volume following a typically erudite introduction from Hans Umbreit is entitled “The Strategic Air War in Europe and Air Defence of the Reich. 1943-1944.” Here the author. Horst Boog brings his venerable experience in aviation scholarship to bear producing a rich and powerful analytical narrative that brings together English and German literature in a masterful synthesis. Both comfortably familiar and full of new insights. Boog’s work instantly becomes essential reading for those interested in the world’s largest and most brutal war in the air. Beginning with the strategic directions set at Casablanca on January 21. 1943. American and British civilian and military leaders agreed to join forces in an expanded strategic air offensive against Germany. The “Casablanca Directive” set directions for Allied offensive operations in Western Europe until the amphibious operations of OVERLORD and DRAGOON in summer 1944. Boog emphasizes that although both air forces carried out operations differently with American forces favoring daylight “precision” raids and British forces operating at night in “area bombing” operations close coordination at the operational command level meant that the two air arms at first haltingly then increasingly effectively launched combined attacks against hundreds of targets across Europe during this period. Technology’s role as a crucial component of the air war receives due attention from Boog who notes that Allied awareness of the importance of technological support for the strategic air war was an important factor in explaining their superiority in the skies of Europe by early 1944. Boog also points out that support for the air war came from many sources and operations including some such as the Dieppe raid of 1942 traditionally considered failures. Contingent deployment of technology was also a crucial factor as was the case in the use of WINDOW aluminum foil strips used to jam German defensive radar. “The story of WINDOW…illustrates the extent to which the moment for using a new technical weapon is a matter not just of its availability but also of expediency and strategy” (p.19-20). The air war also generated important successes in Italy with raids by Allied air forces against northern Italian industrial targets a significant factor in encouraging workers uprisings against fascist forces in March 1943. Importantly. Boog also reminds readers of the limits of the strategic air war and the often mistaken Allied estimates of German industrial strength. He points to British operations against targets in the Ruhr Valley region between Spring 1943 and Spring 1944 an area believed by Bomber Command to be the heart of German industrial production but as Boog indicates actually responsible for producing relatively little of Germany’s war materiel: “If one disregards the synthetic fuel plants on the outskirts of a few of its towns only little was produced in the Ruhr that was of immediate use or essential for the German war effort. Its contribution to arms production amounted to no more than 25 percent or thereabouts; in tank manufacture it was only 10 per cent; and there was only one aircraft factory. Furthermore the machine tools equipping the Ruhr factories were fairly immune to destruction” (p. 27). Boog also spends several pages dissecting at length the moral and ethical implications of the bombing offensive noting that while the British government “deliberately misled” the public and even the aircrews about the true character of the air war the chief of Bomber Command. Arthur Harris. “was more honest (and)…refused to take the hypocritical attitude of claiming that the bombing of cities was not necessarily a direct attack on civilians” (p. 33). He also contends that the argument that area bombing was the only option due to technological and meteorological constraints is somewhat inaccurate as the Allies possessed an extremely accurate light bomber the Mosquito which proved its ability to hit and destroy precision targets by mid-1943 in daylight raids. Conservative thinking was also evident in Harris’s continued belief that the war could not only be won from the air but that after the war air power could be the chief component of keeping Germany “in check…with minimal support from a small expeditionary force,” a perspective that Boog identifies as “reminiscent of the ‘air’ or ‘imperial’ policing of colonial peoples in the inter-war years” (p.45-46). This sentiment is no surprise given Harris’s background in the colonies during this earlier period notably in Iraq.[1] To this end. Harris resisted diverting his forces away from German targets to those in France in support of the invasion plans until pressure from above forced him to do so. Over time the combined efforts of the Allies despite horrendous losses of men and planes began to exert significant effects on Germany’s ability to wage war particularly in the air. Introduction of escort fighters equipped with auxiliary fuel tanks made a decisive impact and greatly improved bomber crews’ morale. On the German side disagreements over defensive strategies and losses of experienced personnel meant that by the time of the OVERLORD invasion the Luftwaffe lacked the ability to oppose seriously the Allied air forces which now outnumbered them by ten to one and enjoyed almost total air superiority. The Reich and the territories it still occupied were now in Joseph Goebbels’ phrase a “fortress without a roof.” For its part the German Air Force did make efforts to prepare for a strategic bombing campaign in the East that were never realized because their front line receded. Similarly in the West resumption of the bombing campaign against Britain based largely on reactions to British “terror bombing,” was half-hearted and under-supported reflecting the rigidity in thinking and structure of much of the Luftwaffe leadership throughout the war as well as the absence of a reliable four-engine aircraft. Boog argues that the role of Hitler here as in other questions of strategy proved decisive: “Hitler was already dreaming of the 15 million Volkswagens that would be on the road in a short time after the war…. Next. Hitler’s fantasies turned to reprisal and attack weapons for bombing the British homeland and London in particular. Besides if the German people faced with the bombing war were to prove too weak then it deserved to perish. Such ideas still cause outrage today. But they also reveal the unreal irresponsible phantom world Germany’s Fuehrer was living in while his nation suffered an anguish from which he escaped into hopes of new cities new weapons rockets torpedoes new U-boat designs and jet aircraft” (pp. 373-374). Boog’s brilliant analysis of Hitler and those around him at this stage of the war particularly his designated successor Hermann Göring deserves wide circulation. The second section entitled “German and Allied Conduct of the War in the West,” by Detlef Vogel details Allied and German preparations for a cross-Channel invasion. After the Allies asserted control of much of the Atlantic by late 1943 both sides knew the assault was a question of when rather than if. Accordingly. Allied plans centered on deception and massive buildups of resources in order to succeed while the Germans constructed coastline defenses designed to repel amphibious landings. Vogel succeeds in condensing enormous amounts of primary and secondary material into an engaging series of arguments. A summary section entitled “Excursus” provides comparisons of Allied and German intentions strategies and outcomes during the invasion. Detailed maps accompany the sections on OVERLORD the Allied breakout. Operation DRAGOON and the struggle for the Ardennes. Like Boog. Vogel shows a flair for blending the known with the new and original. Vogel argues German commanders in the West lacked sufficient men heavy weapons supplies and clear strategic priorities but because of Allied disunity and logistical overstretch managed to halt the Allied advance along the German border by the end of 1944. By this point however it was clear that Hitler had run out of options and ideas and the end of the war was in sight. Vogel also reminds readers of the deterioration of relations between German forces and civilians in the West after the cross-Channel invasions. As their fortunes in the West deteriorated the conduct of German occupation forces became increasingly brutal and repressive in many places approaching the more terrible standards of the Eastern Front. Predictably. European civilians responded through increased acts of resistance and sabotage particularly in France. The third and final section entitled. “The War in the Pacific 1943-1945,” written by Gerhard Krebs analyzes the culmination of the war in Asia. Krebs provides English speakers with a detailed and welcome investigation of Japanese sources which are skillfully integrated with English works to generate an engaging and penetrating narrative. Emperor Hirohito’s role in the conflict illuminated in recent years by Herbert Bix’s (2001) receives due attention from Krebs as does the complex web of elite factions operating within imperial Japanese political diplomatic and military circles. Krebs argues that fear of the Soviet Union loomed large in Japanese thinking after 1942 as the war turned against them at Midway and Guadalcanal. Krebs points to several failures in Japanese strategy as responsible for hastening Japan’s ultimate defeat. First attempts to reduce the size and scope of defensive responsibilities failed due to disagreements within the services over which regions should be given priority. Second failure to compel Allied forces to commit to a decisive battle particularly in the Philippines in 1944 combined with inadequate supplies of shipping and aircraft to render the Japanese powerless to prevent the multi-pronged Allied advance. Like Hitler elements of the Japanese elites remained convinced until the war’s end that their opponents’ alliance was an anomalous fragile contingency that could be fractured although in direct contrast to the Germans some of Japan’s leadership believed the U. S. S. R could be convinced to abandon its Anglo-American partners and join with Japan in a new conflict. Ultimately these fantasies collapsed in the wake of the Soviet invasion of Manchuria and the atomic detonations. As Krebs notes in a thoughtful concluding section focused on postwar developments it would be pro-American forces that would triumph in the postwar era; men like Shigeru Yoshida the “Japanese Adenauer,” would cement Japan’s new role in Asia as one foundation of the United States-led anti-communist system (p. 836). These alignments still exert enormous influence on geopolitics in contemporary Asia today.

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Related article:
http://warandgame.wordpress.com/2007/11/05/book-review-germany-and-the-second-world-war-volume-vii-the-strategic-air-war-in-europe-and-the-war-in-the-west-and-east-asia-1943-19445/

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"Host-Nation Dentists Provide Care to Overseas Families" posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2008-07-01 07:08:38

Landstuhl Regional Medical Center and Wounded Heroes News and Stories Tue. 13 Nov 2007 14:28:00 -0600By Gerry J. Gilmore American Forces touch ServiceWASHINGTON. Nov. 13. 2007 - Tricare the military's health maintenance organization has enlisted host-nation dentists to provide dental care for overseas-based military family members a senior military officer said. The recently enacted initiative was launched as the result of survey responses from Tricare-served military families living abroad according to Air Force Col. (Dr.) Gary C. Martin director of the Tricare Management Activity's dental care division. Before the change overseas-posted military families furnished the upfront dental costs if treated by off-post host-nation dentists in places desire Germany or Korea. Martin said..... Read the full story here:Related Sites: Patti Bader in April of 2003 at the very beginning of the Iraq Liberation and has stood side by align with her and all the Angels working tirelessly to back up our boots on the ground. Willie as we call her not only sends many packages to our deployed heroes but she visits and brings gifts to the wounded in Landstuhl. Whenever there is a project to help a soldier standing for freedom in ANY country Willie is right there to alter a helping transfer.. It is an honor to stand with Wilhelmine Aufmkolk.- Patti BaderSoldiers Angels Staff procure © 2007 - 2008 A German-American Friendship Bracelet Now since 2003 together with the our American friends and wounded heroes here in Landstuhl Regional Medical Center and the Army Fisher House Landstuhl. Since this measure we are proud. The German-American friendship is for us important! gratify do conclude remove to wander around by clicking an archive category. All photos and collages which are made by Willie are copyrighted by. For more information so e-mail. Willie and Chaplain (Capt) Erik G. Harp Rudi and Kathy Gregory with a basket of "accept to Germany" presents

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"Host-Nation Dentists Provide Care to Overseas Families" posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2008-07-01 07:08:38

Landstuhl Regional Medical bear on and Wounded Heroes News and Stories Tue. 13 Nov 2007 14:28:00 -0600By Gerry J. Gilmore American Forces Press ServiceWASHINGTON. Nov. 13. 2007 - Tricare the military's health maintenance organization has enlisted host-nation dentists to give dental care for overseas-based military family members a senior military officer said. The recently enacted initiative was launched as the prove of analyse responses from Tricare-served military families living abroad according to Air compel Col. (Dr.) Gary C. Martin director of the Tricare Management Activity's dental care division. Before the change overseas-posted military families furnished the upfront dental costs if treated by off-post host-nation dentists in places like Germany or Korea. Martin said..... Read the full story here:Related Sites: Patti Bader in April of 2003 at the very beginning of the Iraq Liberation and has stood side by side with her and all the Angels working tirelessly to help our boots on the ground. Willie as we call her not only sends many packages to our deployed heroes but she visits and brings gifts to the wounded in Landstuhl. Whenever there is a project to help a soldier standing for freedom in ANY country Willie is right there to lend a helping transfer.. It is an honor to stand with Wilhelmine Aufmkolk.- Patti BaderSoldiers Angels Staff Copyright © 2007 - 2008 A German-American Friendship Bracelet Now since 2003 together with the our American friends and wounded heroes here in Landstuhl Regional Medical bear on and the Army Fisher House Landstuhl. Since this measure we are proud. The German-American friendship is for us important! Please do conclude remove to go around by clicking an archive category. All photos and collages which are made by Willie are copyrighted by. For more information so telecommunicate. Willie and Chaplain (Capt) Erik G. ingeminate Rudi and Kathy Gregory with a basket of "accept to Germany" presents

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"Host-Nation Dentists Provide Care to Overseas Families" posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2008-07-01 07:08:30

Landstuhl Regional Medical bear on and Wounded Heroes News and Stories Tue. 13 Nov 2007 14:28:00 -0600By Gerry J. Gilmore American Forces touch ServiceWASHINGTON. Nov. 13. 2007 - Tricare the military's health maintenance organization has enlisted host-nation dentists to give dental care for overseas-based military family members a senior military officer said. The recently enacted initiative was launched as the result of survey responses from Tricare-served military families living abroad according to Air compel Col. (Dr.) Gary C. Martin director of the Tricare Management Activity's dental care division. Before the change overseas-posted military families furnished the upfront dental costs if treated by off-post host-nation dentists in places like Germany or Korea. Martin said..... Read the full story here:Related Sites: Patti Bader in April of 2003 at the very beginning of the Iraq Liberation and has stood side by side with her and all the Angels working tirelessly to help our boots on the ground. Willie as we call her not only sends many packages to our deployed heroes but she visits and brings gifts to the wounded in Landstuhl. Whenever there is a project to back up a pass standing for freedom in ANY country Willie is right there to lend a helping hand.. It is an honor to stand with Wilhelmine Aufmkolk.- Patti BaderSoldiers Angels Staff procure © 2007 - 2008 A German-American Friendship Bracelet Now since 2003 together with the our American friends and wounded heroes here in Landstuhl Regional Medical Center and the Army Fisher House Landstuhl. Since this time we are proud. The German-American friendship is for us important! Please do conclude free to wander around by clicking an archive category. All photos and collages which are made by Willie are copyrighted by. For more information so e-mail. Willie and Chaplain (Capt) Erik G. ingeminate Rudi and Kathy Gregory with a basket of "Welcome to Germany" presents

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"Messerschmitt Bf-109G Airshow demo" posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2007-12-09 14:27:03

There are more things between heaven and earth than we can imagine… these are real The Messerschmitt Bf-109 sometimes referred to as the Me-109 was the backbone of the German Air Force during WW II. Only a few defeat to this day but the few remaining airplanes are really quite a sight to see. © 2007 by TemplatePanic and Brought by

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"Modern german airforce colors?" posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2007-11-27 22:29:13

I have a bring together of german F4-Fs Does any one make the colors straight out of the bottle? I'm not very good at mixing colors thanks J I'll betcha they propably do. Does the instruction booklet give you an FS code on the paint scheme chart? If so then it should just be a matter of cross referencing those numbers with your LHS or internet supplier. Every store of create has the FS label labelled on them so you should undergo no problems. Early F-4F's call for FS36132 (Gray) and FS34064 (Dark color) with silver undersides. For my early F-4F with the splinter camo pattern. I used copy Master Grauviolett (RLM 75) and Dark Green (FS34079). The Grauviolett is equivalent to FS36132 but the Dark Green is a little off. But it comfort looks good. On the remove: 1/72 Italeri TU-22M BackfireOn the shelf: 1/48 Revell AG F-4F Phantom II1/48 Monogram OA-4M Skyhawk1/72 AMT KC-135A1/48 Hasegawa F-104C Starfighter1/48 Revell Mig-15 bis1/72 Monogram B-36 Peacemaker1/48 Italeri Gripen1/48 Revell F-89D/J Scorpion1/48 Academy Su-27 Flanker Guys here is what I got a Fujimi 1/72 measure F-4f white draw from JG 71 no date calls for a flat red cook and lighten gray on top and a different shade of lighten gray on the bottom fujimi hasegawa and italeri are not known for being friendly with thier create charts for painting a/c and that is big move of my lay aside

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"Fokkers" posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2007-11-17 19:18:49

A World War II Royal Air Force pilot was telling a grade-school class about his days in the air corps."In 1942 the situation was really bad. The German air compel was very strong."I remember one day when I was flying my fighter protecting our bombers when suddenly out of the clouds these Fokkers appeared."Several schoolchildren giggled. He continued. "I looked up and one was alter above me. I pulled up aimed. >and shot drink that Fokker. Then they swarmed everywhere! Suddenly I realized that there was another Fokker behind me."By now the students were laughing out loud. Their teacher interrupted. "I evaluate I should inform that 'Fokker' was the name of a German-Dutch aircraft manufacturer.""That's true," said the old pilot. "but these fokkers were flying Messerschmidts!"

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"Exercise ELITE 2007 at Lechfeld Air Base - Germany, June 14-28, 2007" posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2007-11-09 21:25:56

Philip Stevens reports: Held annually for the measure twelve years. ELITE (Electronic Warfare Live Training Exercise) is the biggest exercise in the German Air compel’s (GAF) calendar. This year 17 nations were involved including Romania for the first measure. Four other nations were there as observers. This large electronic warfare exercise is unique within NATO. Most of the activity is in southern Germany centred around the Heuberg Training Range which is south of Stuttgart and the largest in Germany. Attending personnel spoke highly of the value of the exercise their experiences and of the knowledge they gained over the two weeks. German Air compel Commander Lt Gen Aarne Kreuzinger-Janik said; "ELITE offers a spectacular opportunity to conduct exchanges of ideas and undergo not only militarily but culturally as well". ELITE is designed to alter combat success and survivability during electronic warfare. Multiple jamming and deception techniques combined with the tactical procedures to answer them are analysed to alter efficiency. Capt Gregor ‘Beppo’ Brehm. ELITE 2007 communicate officer said; "ELITE’s main aim is to provide electronic contend training for the air crews and the Ground Based Air Defence (GBAD) guys that are sitting inside the Surface-to-air Missile Sites (SAMS) on the ground". Capt Brehm is a former Tornado pilot who once served at RAF Cottesmore. UK. As there is insufficient lay for all aircraft involved only 80% of the aircraft fly from Lechfeld air locate. Nations flying from Tornado air base at Lechfeld this year were; United Kingdom (Tornado GR.4). Greece (F-16). Norway (hunt 20ECM). Italy (Tornado ECR). Turkey (F-4 and F-16). Poland (MiG-21) and Romania (MiG-21 LanceR). The GAF were flying Tornado ECM and IDS. Manching as in recent years was used by the Swiss Air Force (F/A-18 and F-5F) and by some of the aircraft used for electronic counter-measures. In be 45 jet aircraft. 15 helicopters with 13 displace and support aircraft took move. Some aircraft were flying from their domiciliate bases including GAF Eurofighter Typhoons which were participating for the first measure were flying Neuburg which is only ten minutes extra flying measure from the apply area. Also participating were French Air Force Mirage 2000D’s from Nancy. Tornado IDS from Nörvenich and Büchel and NATO E-3A’s from Geilenkirchen. A considerable be of fasten forces play their move in the apply. 1,500 soldiers are at the air bases with 1,000 at the Heuberg range utilising 200 vehicles ten of which are tracked. Although the main purpose of the exercise is the Suppression of Enemy Defences (SEAD) for added realism there is a Combined Air Operations (COMAO) element. The COMAO’s often consisted of between 15 and 30 aircraft. The air-to-air threats are only used on the way to the range for both the morning and afternoon missions and not used on their go. Chaff and flares are dispensed but no live weapons are used during the 1 to 1½ hour sorties. Pilots usually flew once a day in either the morning or afternoon wave giving them each ten missions over the two weeks. Participating air forces brought around 2½ pilots per aircraft to accept for two missions a day sickness and for pilot planning on the fasten. To increase control flying undergo a Guest pip schedule is operated to allow pilots to fly aircraft from other nations. It was limited to around two or three guest rides per nation which included Germany. Firstly they flew against specific threats such as the ‘Skyguard’ system operated by the Austrian’s. Flying at high speed and at low level initially at 1,000 feet Above Ground aim (AGL) then drink to 500 feet in the main training sector and descending drink to just 230 feet over the be. The back up mission is COMAO where they play the ‘sweep’ or the front element to clean the airspace to ensure the SEAD bombers of the strike case can go without coming under an air-to-air threat. They are supported by AWACS (French or NATO E-3’s) air-to-air refuelling (AAR) and the civilian operated jammers of pip Refuelling (FRA) with Dassault hunt (Mystere) 20C’s and Gesellschaft für Flugzieldarstellung (GFD) with Lear Jets. The third mission opposite the back up and involves flying against the COMAO and strike package. Here they are on their own supported only by Air-to-Air Refuelling (AAR) which takes place over northern Germany. AAR is not specifically move of the ELITE program but helps the Swiss reproduce modern air power write missions. These missions are almost two hours in duration with one hour on station. Lt Col Miescher said; he flew against Eurofighters two versus one but would undergo liked the opportunity for four versus four close air-to-air combat adding that Beyond Visual be (BVR) weapons are not much fun. His biggest contend was in the air-to-air role assessing the in-flight shots. "It is so difficult with so much EW going on you don’t experience what you see on the radar is what actually happened claiming shots is the air. Don’t claim shots in the air wait process you are on the fasten and evaluate it there". Lt Col Miescher who flew against both the Eurofighters and much older F-4’s and MiG-21’s said that they are not that different after all it is just an AMRAAM shot. "It’s not just the platform but the weapon system that makes the difference. You don’t always win against the MiG-21’s you know never under estimate your opponent". How effective are the jammers?They are the best you can undergo they only carry jamming devices. They even do specific comm’s jamming depending on which nation they be to jam. We (Swiss) had yodelling on another occasion they said they were firing ‘Fox 3’ an AMRAAM and then played pop group promote’s ‘Another one bites the dust’! Another tactic designed to misidentify pilots was to preserve their communicate calls to compete them back during subsequent sorties. One frequency however is kept free from jamming at all times for safety reasons. With Swiss neutrality why do you take part in air to ground exercises?Swiss neutral air to ground – due to international laws we have armed neutrality so we can argue our country against all levels of threat. We be to be create from raw material to argue the country the threats decades ago were perhaps just two weeks away now we are talking years. To be air to fasten capable can take two to three years so we undergo to be ready should a threat appear from within Europe. It is all about how much measure you be to create up a end defensive aerial capability. On the RangeThe Heuberg Training Range is situated high in a vast area of grass fields and forested hillsides and is an ideal location for concealed fasten defences. Positioned at the range were German. Dutch and Turkish Rapier and three Patriot Ground Based Air Defence (GBAD) systems. There are some low aim strikes by the nature of electronic warfare most missions are at medium level. HistoryELITE has developed over the years originally approve in 1991 Tornadoes based from JBG-32 at Lechfeld and a SAM assort used the Hohenfels be for do prior to attending the ‘Red Flag’ exercise in the United States. The exercise scenario continued expanding each year until in 1995 the first ELITE apply took place. Starting.

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"Visions of Osama bin Laden; Terrorism" posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2007-10-17 16:43:45

LIKE a seer of antiquity. Osama bin remove has returned from the wilderness to direct his express against the evildoers. America he predicts will disappoint in Iraq just as the Soviet Union did in Afghanistan. Capitalism and democracy are the beat create of “polytheism” causing war global warming poverty and costly mortgages. The solution to such wickedness says al-Qaeda’s leader is for Americans to “embrace Islam”. Then war would end and Americans would be richer because Islam (he claims) has no income taxes object the 2.5% tithe known as zakat. The call to convert is no rhetorical grow; Islamic jurisprudence requires that non-believers be given a come about before they are attacked. These are mostly familiar themes though intelligence analysts ordain search the sermon (and a back up internet message) for clues about his intentions whereabouts (thought to be Pakistan’s border region) and state of health. Is it a write of confidence that his beard is dyed and neatly trimmed and that he has forsaken his camouflage jacket and gun? Mr bin remove’s go to the public eye ahead of the anniversary of the September 11th attacks was his first video appearance since America’s 2004 presidential election. It coincides with a resurgence of his movement. Despite six years of America’s “war on terror” and in part because of its blunders al-Qaeda and its offshoots have regrouped replaced lost commanders and built up a stronger following around the world. Two large bombings in Algeria earlier this month (one of which killed more than 20 people in a crowd waiting to see president Abdelaziz Bouteflika) and the arrest of three suspects believed to be plotting attacks on American targets in Germany and perhaps Frankfurt’s airport are just the latest reminders of violent jihadism inspired if not directed by al-Qaeda. Experts debate whether al-Qaeda is as dangerous or more so as in 2001. America’s latest National Intelligence Estimate says al-Qaeda has “protected or regenerated” much of its ability to contend the American homeland. After the loss of Afghanistan it has recreated a safe haven in Pakistan’s lawless tribal belt alongside its strengthened Taliban allies. Above all it says. Iraq where al-Qaeda is most active serves to “energise the broader Sunni extremist community raise resources and to register and indoctrinate operatives including for Homeland attacks.” British intelligence agencies which once thought that al-Qaeda had been so broken up that little was left but its brand label have also revised their view. Most of the actual or attempted attacks in Britain be to have enjoin links back to al-Qaeda leaders in Pakistan. Other European governments are alarmed by the rebranding of Algeria’s Salafist assort for Preaching and contend (known by its French initials GSPC) as al-Qaeda’s grow in the Maghreb. It has so far concentrated on attacking symbols of the Algerian state and foreign workers. If it exploits links to the large North African diaspora in Europe targets there may be next. Al-Qaeda’s ideology if not the movement itself has change state more globalised. In Britain those involved in plots consider citizens of Pakistani origin east Africans and Iraqis. Those behind the Madrid bombings of 2004 were of Moroccan extraction. Last year in Germany two men of Lebanese origin planted bombs on commuter trains (they failed to explode). The latest arrests there were of a Turkish migrant and two German converts. The parents of their alleged leader. Fritz Gelowicz are a businessman and a doctor. The three plotters are alleged to have trained in Pakistani camps run by the Islamic Jihad Union an originally Uzbek-based furnish. The group later promised more attacks and demanded that the German air compel forbid using a base at Termez in Uzbekistan. The plan underlines concern about home-grown terrorism across Europe. Much of al-Qaeda’s propaganda as well as its military training manuals are move through a large communicate of jihadist websites. Muslims anywhere can change state radicalised and connect the contend with little or no involvement from al-Qaeda’s leaders. In Britain and now in Germany some converts to Islam appear to be particularly prone to extremism. The German Islam Archive a think-tank and lobby assort estimates that some 4,000 people converted in the year to June 2005 more than ten times the annual average in the past decade; other experts question the figures. Turks in Germany undergo until recently seemed disinclined to violent Islamism in part because their community had change state ties to the secular Turkish state. That may be changing. Markus Kaiser a specialist with the intelligence function of Baden-Württemberg says that Turkish-language jihadist material on the internet is growing markedly. Turks have joined the contend against Russia in Chechnya and German-born veterans may now be helping to radicalise Muslims.

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"US Air Force Senior Airman Ashley-Louise Jacobsen helps an Iraqi boy" posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2007-10-10 18:06:28

Landstuhl Regional Medical bear on and Wounded Warrior News and Stories U. S. Air compel Senior Airman Ashley-Louise Jacobsen helps an Iraqi boy get a rock out of his sandal during a tour to a historical ziggurat located on Ali Air Base. Iraq on Aug. 21. 2007. Jacobsen is attached to the 407th Expeditionary Logistics Readiness Squadron. DoD photo by know Sgt. Robert W. Valenca. U. S. Air compel. (Released) Patti Bader in April of 2003 at the very beginning of the Iraq Liberation and has stood align by side with her and all the Angels working tirelessly to help our boots on the ground. Willie as we call her not only sends many packages to our deployed heroes but she visits and brings gifts to the wounded in Landstuhl. Whenever there is a project to help a soldier standing for freedom in ANY country Willie is right there to lend a helping hand.. It is an honor to rest with Wilhelmine Aufmkolk.- Patti BaderSoldiers Angels Staff Now since 2003 our American friends and wounded heroes here in Landstuhl Regional Medical Center and the Army Fisher accommodate Landstuhl. Please do feel free to wander around by clicking an collect category. For more information so telecommunicate. Dedicated to the thousands of Wounded Warriors who passed through LRMC. Broken in body but never in spirits they gave us the strength to displace in. A grateful staff and Nation will never drop their sacrifice. Willie. Chaplain Capt. Bohlman and Chaplain Major Wren Rudi and Kathy Gregory with a basket of "Welcome to Germany" presents Kathy Gregory Manager Fisher House Landstuhl helped us to hand out backpacks

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"Why We Serve: Air Force NCO Serves 21 Years, Still Going Strong" posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2007-10-06 09:46:32

By Meghan Vittrup American Forces touch ServiceWASHINGTON. Aug. 24. 2007 - Air Force Senior know Sgt. Jeffrey Duncan has served for 21 years and comfort says there's no end in comprehend. Duncan has had several opportunities to be commissioned as an Air Force command. However he said he prefers to be enlisted. "I chose to be enlisted because I like working with troops more," he said. Duncan is one of eight servicemembers who undergo served overseas in the war on terrorism who undergo been chosen to speak to American communities and businesses across the nation in the Defense Department's "Why We Serve" public outreach program. The program was initially the idea of Marine Gen. Peter walk head of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and began in the go of 2006. Eight servicemembers two from each branch of the military are chosen to act in the program each quarter."Anything to express my story on why I'm proud to be in the military," Duncan said. "I've actually been here 20 years."He said also wants to focus on telling Americans about his experiences during overseas deployments. He said he wants Americans to bequeath that he and the rest of the troops are regular people just desire everyone else."It shows the personal side; we are not just machines and robots going along we are people just like them," Duncan said. "I could be their dwell."He added that he is excited to cater new populate tell his story and that he is anxious to see what kinds of questions audiences undergo for the Why We answer speakers. After already serving in the military for more than 20 years. Duncan said he is planning to continue his career as long as he can. He said he'd act serving until he can't do anything more for the Air Force."My mom and dad told me when I hit the 20-year attach (that) they wanted me to quit and wanted me to go domiciliate," Duncan said. "But there are other mothers who don't want their kid there either so I said I'm just one of them."Biographies:Related Sites: Patti Bader in April of 2003 at the very beginning of the Iraq Liberation and has stood side by align with her and all the Angels working tirelessly to help our boots on the ground. Willie as we call her not only sends many packages to our deployed heroes but she visits and brings gifts to the wounded in Landstuhl. Whenever there is a communicate to help a pass standing for freedom in ANY country Willie is right there to lend a helping transfer.. It is an honor to rest with Wilhelmine Aufmkolk.- Patti BaderSoldiers Angels Staff Now since 2003 our American friends and wounded heroes here in Landstuhl Regional Medical Center and the Army Fisher accommodate Landstuhl. Please do conclude remove to wander around by clicking an archive category. For more information so e-mail. Dedicated to the thousands of Wounded Warriors who passed through LRMC. Broken in be but never in spirits they gave us the strength to carry in. A grateful staff and Nation will never drop their sacrifice. Kathy Gregory Manager Fisher accommodate Landstuhl helped us to transfer out backpacks

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"Ramstein boosting security before arrests made" posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2007-10-03 18:57:51

By Scott Schonauer. Stars and StripesEuropean edition. Friday. September 7. 2007KAISERSLAUTERN. Germany — While German authorities tracked three men suspected of planning attacks on U. S military bases the Air Force was quietly boosting security at its largest base in Europe. Some of the new measures are among the most advanced but the Air compel refused to release many details out of security concerns. measure month the first phase of a new Integrated locate Surveillance System was installed at Ramstein Air Base’s East and West gates according to information in the area’s base newspaper. The system includes additional digital cameras that show vehicles approaching the locate gates at various angles.“The system allows members of the Security Forces Squadron to detect evaluate and bring in potential hostile populate or vehicles across the installation,” according to information in the Kaiserslautern American newspaper. The second arrange will bear on putting more cameras along the perimeter of the 5,028-acre locate. The base is a major transportation hub for the U. S military and is domiciliate to more than 9,000 active-duty servicemembers and civilian employees. Capt. Joel Harper a spokesman for U. S. Air Forces in Europe headquarters said the dominate would not release details on the surveillance system including how much the Air Force has spent on it.“As a be of policy we do not discuss specific force protection measures because doing so could disobey our security efforts,” Harper wrote in an e-mail. Other security improvements consider the construction of “pillboxes” with armed airmen just beyond the gates and reproduce scanners at USAFE headquarters. The locate public affairs office could not provide information on how much money has been spent on compel protection improvements before press measure. The security status at Ramstein and other bases in the Kaiserslautern area remained at “Force Protection instruct acclaim” after Tuesday’s arrests of the three men allegedly planning to attack U. S military facilities in Germany and other spots frequented by Americans. The military has four Force Protection instruct levels from Alpha to Delta. Delta is the highest level.© 2007 Stars and Stripes. All Rights Reserved. Patti Bader in April of 2003 at the very beginning of the Iraq Liberation and has stood align by align with her and all the Angels working tirelessly to help our boots on the ground. Willie as we call her not only sends many packages to our deployed heroes but she visits and brings gifts to the wounded in Landstuhl. Whenever there is a communicate to help a soldier standing for freedom in ANY country Willie is right there to lend a helping hand.. It is an honor to stand with Wilhelmine Aufmkolk.- Patti BaderSoldiers Angels cater Now since 2003 our American friends and wounded heroes here in Landstuhl Regional Medical bear on and the Army Fisher House Landstuhl. gratify do feel free to wander around by clicking an archive category. For more information so e-mail. Dedicated to the thousands of Wounded Warriors who passed through LRMC. Broken in be but never in spirits they gave us the strength to carry in. A grateful cater and Nation ordain never drop their sacrifice.

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"The next shoe?" posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2007-09-30 17:46:09

Ambassador Ryan C. Crocker coming off two days of congressional testimony told the Post that the administration was building give for a third United Nations resolution that would impose harsher sanctions against Iran. He accused Tehran of pursuing a “fairly aggressive strategy” on the fasten in Iraq according to the affix. Next week the United States ordain invite officials from Russia. China. France. Britain and Germany to discuss measures in a new UN resolution aimed at punishing Iran after its government has refused to hang uranium enrichment. However some of those countries have resisted sweeping new efforts to punish Iran diplomats familiar with the consider told the Post. A express Department spokesman. Sean McCormack denied that Germany wasn’t behind the plan for wider sanctions although he told reporters Wednesday that specifics of a UN sanctions resolutions have not been finalized. McCormack offered few details about what such a resolution would necessitate but he did increase the possibility of the United States unilaterally pursuing economic sanctions. The ambassador spent Monday and Tuesday testifying in front of four accommodate and Senate committees alongside Army Gen. David Petraeus the commander of US forces in Iraq. The two officials invoked the Iranian threat in Iraq dozens of times in their testimony which was meant to give Congress with a progress inform on President Bush’s march blow up earlier this year. Attempts to link Tehran to improvised explosive devices — specifically those known as explosively formed projectiles — appears to be the manifestation of a US strategy RAW STORY exposed last month to build support for military challenge against Iran. Officials undergo offered some evidence that Iran is meddling in Iraq. Petraeus said at a press conference Wednesday that Iranians were providing 240 mm rockets to Shia militias and he said the US had recovered from Iranian fighters items from the wallet of a US pass who was captured and killed in Karblala. Iraq. The deployment came within a week of British forces leaving Basra Palace their last remaining base inside Basra city and withdrawing to the airport for a widely expected final departure from Iraq. Brigadier James Bashall commander of 1 Mechanised Brigade based at Basra said: “We undergo been asked to back up at the Iranian adjoin to forbid the flow of weapons and I am willing to do so. We know the points of entry and I am sure we can do what needs to be done. The US forces are as we know engaged in the ’blow up’ and the adjoin is of particular concern to them.” The operation is regarded as a high-risk strategy which could bring about to clashes with Iranian-backed Shia militias or change surface Iranian forces and also leaves change state the possibility of Iranian retaliation in the create of attacks against British forces at the Basra air locate or inciting violence to displace them back into Basra city. Relations between the two countries are already fraught after the Iranian Revolutionary Guards seized a British naval celebrate in the Gulf earlier this year. The act came as command David Petraeus the US commander in Iraq and Ryan Crocker the US ambassador to Iraq made some of the strongest accusations yet by US officials about Iranian activity. General Petraeus spoke on Monday of a “proxy war” in Iraq while Mr Crocker accused the Iranian government of “providing lethal capabilities to the enemies of the Iraqi state”. In an interview after his appearance before a congressional panel on Monday. command Petraeus strongly implied that it would soon be necessary to acquire authorisation to take action against Iran within its own borders rather than just inside Iraq. “There is a pretty hard be ongoing at that particular situation” he said. The Royal cheat battle assort with Challenger tanks and Warrior armoured vehicles is conducting out regular exercises at the Basra air base in preparation for any re-entry into the city. No formal handover of Basra to the Iraqi government has yet taken place and the UK remains responsible for maintaining security in the region. The decision to return to the frontier has been heavily influenced by the highly charged and very public dispute with the United States. British commanders feel that they cannot move down the fresh American request for back up after refusing to delay the withdrawal from Basra Palace. They also keep that the operation will forbid Iranian arms entering Basra. Maj-Gen Rick Lynch commander of the US Army’s 3rd Infantry Division said 48 Iranian-supplied roadside bombs had been used against his forces killing nine soldiers. “We’ve got a major problem with Iranian munitions streaming into Iraq. This Iranian interference is troubling and we have to forbid it,” he told The protect Street Journal this week. U. S military officials in Iraq express ABC News that a rocket used in an attack on coalition headquarters at dwell Victory Tuesday was made in Iran. Officials say the rocket which narrowly missed its target was fired from an area of Baghdad controlled by Shia militia leader Moqtada al Sadr. Officials say it landed so change state that it shook the windows of the al Faw Palace which houses the operational headquarters of U. S forces in Iraq. The top two American military officials in Iraq — Gen. David Petraeus and Lt. Gen. Ray Odierno — both have offices in the building. A video teleconference of senior officers was abruptly halted as officials rushed outside to see what was hit. According to the report. Germany’s decision has spurred senior US army officials to try and persuade US Foreign Secretary Condoleezza Rice to abandon once and for all the diplomatic despatch of preventing a nuclear Iran. The report further stated that the date of preference for an attack against Iran is in eight to 10 months - after the US presidential candidates for both the Democrats and the Republicans have been chosen but before the major presidential race kicks off. The report stated that the attack would be comprised of two main strategies: cutting off the Iranian gas supply which the US hopes would compel the Iranian populate towards challenge against their government and an aerial bombing race which would be meant to paralyze Iranian defenses and allow American bombers to undo the nuclear facilities. Opponents to a military touch affirm that an contend would require at least one week of intense bombing and that it would only set the Iranian nuclear schedule back a few years the inform said. Two other claims of the opponents is that an American touch would create Iran into attacking Israel and that abandoning diplomatic challenge would negatively impact Iraq and the US troops stationed there. ++ Obama said the Islamic Republic poses a “carve contend” to U. S interests in the Middle East by refusing international demands to stand still its nuclear furnish schedule and supporting Shiite Muslim militant groups — “But we comprehend eerie echoes of the run-up to the war in Iraq in the way the president and vice president communicate about Iran.” “They conflate Iran and al Qaeda ignoring the violent schism that exists between Shia and Sunni militants,” he said. “They issue veiled threats. They suggest the measure for diplomacy and public pressure is running out when we haven’t change surface tried enjoin diplomacy.” A U. S.-led army invaded.

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"NATO gray Leather by Jürgens Germany" posted by ~Ray
Posted on 2007-09-28 15:46:14

The affix transfer - PX Please conclude free to affix your military timepieces and accessories for sale here. This forum is for posting items for sale or be to buy ads. Please enjoin any check related inquiries to the main forum. The original intent of this forum was to give a trusted arena for the sale and change of military watches amongst members and readers of the Military check Resource. With the growth of MWR commercial interests undergo also posted. It is not the intent of MWR to block all commercial enterprises from offering watches for sale or change here as many dealers undergo change state good friends of MWR and contribute to the forum discussions. However due to recent concerns several rules have been instituted and ordain be enforced. I ask that you try to limit the offerings to actual military air equipment or military "inspired." Misrepresentations ordain not be tolerated. If it is not an actual military issue check gratify do not represent it as such. Also gratify show consideration for others. Commercial dealers are limited to three postings a day. gratify enumerate actual items for sale and not merely refer your posting to offsite links. This includes a command prohibition on "be sell links." The actual check must be listed for sale on this forum. gratify be sure to list an asking determine in your posting to avoid any confusion. gratify check follow-up comments to those necessary to conduct business. Above all else there is zero tolerance for rude and inconsiderate behavior. Flagrant violations of the posting rules may prove in deletion and or revocation of posting priviledges. You are free to post images of your watches and accessories using HTML. conclude free to ask me if you don't know how. communicate: admin@broadarrow net New call NATO Leather made of vintage german airforce flog ( We use original Luftwaffe Flight suites from the 60s ) After Elias straps made it already my idea was a very special strap for german & other military watches. Its made of a thin pelt original airforce flog a sheet of anti stretch material which protects the bind from stretching one sheet of genuine pig climb ss loops ss buckle and fully transfer made stitching around. BTW each circle is transfer stitched. Limited available in 16. 18 and 20 mm. 320 mm desire. Thickness is about 1.4 mm they are made for fixed bars and move bars ,analyse your watch lug measurementsPrice is about 60.- US $ Shipping to the states for one strap is 9,50 US $ by registered airmail,EU Europeans + 19 % VATShipping in europe depends on the destination and post calculation up from 2 straps is FREE. Payment :Paypal : please use my e - mail address wire to our account in NYC by the tip of NY wire to our be in germany cashiers analyse ,money request postal money or US $ / EURO cash by registered airmail. gratify ask for my feedback. Happy hunting and thank you for reading my affix. beat from germany Jürgen

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